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Impact of metabolic syndrome on the risk of endometrial cancer and the role of lifestyle in prevention

May 4th, 2023
Impact of metabolic syndrome on the risk of endometrial cancer and the role of lifestyle in prevention
Impact of metabolic syndrome on the risk of endometrial cancer and the prevention. Obesity-derived inflammation and tumorigenic environment may play a role in the development of EC. Obese adipose tissue is characterized by hyperplasia and hypertrophic adipocytes, the formation of crown-like structures, increased secretion of FFA and inflammatory cytokines, and a decreased secretion of adiponectin. The inflammatory mediators attract from circulation neutrophils, Th1 lymphocytes, monocytes that become M1 macrophages, among other cells, all of which contribute to a pro-in-flammatory environment that increases the generation of ROS. Hypertrophic adipocytes increase the secretion of insulin and IGF-1 that contribute to insulin resistance and promote cell growth. The hypoxic adipose tissue leads to the production of HIF-1αand angiogenesis. These events create a protumorigenic environment that reaches other tissues and organs, including the endometrium. The increase in aromatase and estrogen is essential in signaling the endometrial tissue to proliferate and develop dysplasia. The high levels of ROS and inflammatory signals may lead to a malignant transformation of the dysplastic tissue, thus developing endometrial cancer. Created by Denisse Castro-Eguiluz. EC: Endometrial cancer; FFA: Free fatty acids; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; IGF-1: Insulin growth factor-1; HIF-1α: Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α. Credit: Biomolecules and Biomedicine (formerly, the Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, BJBMS)

Researchers from The National Cancer Institute Mexico conducted a review of the existing scientific evidence when it comes to the link between metabolic syndrome and endometrial cancer, as well as the role of lifestyle in their prevention.

Endometrial cancer is the second gynecological cancer with the highest global incidence. It develops in the linign of uterus. Among many associated risk factors, metabolic syndrome is an important and preventable one. It comprises a group of conditions that often occur together: central adiposity, hyperglycemia, arterial hypertension, and atherogenic dyslipidemia.

This review aimed to describe the epidemiological and biological relationship between metabolic syndrome and endometrial cancer, focusing on the role of lifestyle in prevention. A literature search was carried out in the PubMed database. 4824 publications were screened, and 123 were included for this review. The association between metabolic syndrome and endometrial cancer has been described.

Chronic adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance are involved in the development of obesity, particularly visceral adiposity. These changes promote the ideal environment for the development of endometrial cancer. Strategies based on lifestyle modifications may be effective for the prevention of metabolic syndrome and consequently endometrial cancer. Metabolic syndrome has become a major public health problem due to the epidemiological increase in obesity in several countries.

Some of these modifications include adopting a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean protein, and antioxidants, depending to the accessibility of these foods for each region. Avoiding ultra-processed foods and increasing daily physical activity were also some suggested modifications. Increased daily physical activity and avoiding sedentary lifesytle is essential.

The authors propose that women should be screened for metabolic syndrome to establish early treatment and to possibly prevent endometrial cancer. Clinical trials designed to prove the effect of lifestyle modifications on the prevention of endometrial cancer are needed.

Video summary of the article could be found at this link: www.youtube.com/watch?v=oSwonzg6hW4

More information:
Pérez-Martín AR, Castro-Eguiluz D, Cetina-Pérez L, Velasco-Torres Y, Bahena-González A, Montes-Servín E, González-Ibarra E, Espinosa-Romero R, Gallardo-Rincón D. Impact of metabolic syndrome on the risk of endometrial cancer and the role of lifestyle in prevention. Biomol Biomed [Internet]. 2022Jul.29 [cited 2023May4];22(4):499-510. DOI: doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2021.6963


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Citation: Impact of metabolic syndrome on the risk of endometrial cancer and the role of lifestyle in prevention (2023, May 4) retrieved 9 January 2025 from https://sciencex.com/wire-news/444655203/impact-of-metabolic-syndrome-on-the-risk-of-endometrial-cancer-a.html
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