DARWIN project policy brief highlights feasibility and importance of detecting NGTs in food and feed

The first DARWIN policy brief focuses on the analytical detection of new genomic techniques (NGTs) in food and feed. Genome-editing technologies, such as TALENs and CRISPR/Cas, present regulatory challenges, particularly regarding EU standards for transparency, traceability, and labelling.

The policy brief reaffirms that PCR-based methods (qPCR, dPCR) remain highly effective for detecting genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and can be adapted to detect NGTs when prior knowledge of the modification exists. The document also presents findings from a recent study by DARWIN researchers that has demonstrated the effectiveness of combining whole-genome sequencing, public genome databases, and machine learning to identify a minimal set of unique genetic markers or "genetic fingerprint". This fingerprint enables the unambiguous identification of an NGT line.

Importantly, this fingerprint can be detected using both untargeted and semi-targeted analytical approaches, showing strong potential for the identification of NGT modifications. While these methods are not yet implemented in official GMO control frameworks, and therefore require further development and validation, the approach represents an important step toward ensuring reliable detection and traceability of gene-edited organisms.

These recommendations are relevant in the context of the ongoing trilogue negotiations on the NGT legislation among the three European institutions. The policy briefing clearly concludes that:

• Detection methods for NGT products are feasible, especially when developers of these GMOs provide the necessary genetic data, as required under the current EU legislation (Directive 2001/18/EC and Regulations 1829/2003 and 1830/2003)
  

• Mandating that developers of NGTs disclose a minimum level of genetic information would significantly reduce the cost and complexity of detection for enforcement authorities and food and feed operators. This would also accelerate the development of robust, science-based monitoring systems.
  

The conclusions and recommendations emphasise that reliable detection of NGT products is both feasible and essential for transparency and consumer trust. Achieving this, however, will require sustained investment, compliance with existing legislation, and mandatory disclosure of genetic information to enable cost-effective monitoring and robust traceability.

Read and download the policy brief here.

About DARWIN

DARWIN is an EU-funded project to foster the transition to a more sustainable and fair food system by co-developing an innovative detection strategy for products obtained through NGTs, as well as digital solutions.

Contacts:

Project Coordinator:

Odd-Gunnar Wikmark, NORCE, ogwi@norceresearch.no

Communication Managers:

Jelena Lazić, Project Management Officer, jelena.lazic@icons.it

Erika Novellini, Communication and Dissemination Officer, erika.novellini@icons.it

Website: https://darwin-ngt.eu/

LinkedIn: @DARWIN project

Bluesky: @darwinngt.bsky.social

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