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Phys.org / XY or ZW? Gecko chromosomes reveal evolution's hidden playbook
Why do humans rely on XY chromosomes to determine sex, while birds use ZW—and many reptiles use neither, letting temperature decide instead? Sex determination is remarkably diverse across the animal kingdom. In genotypic ...
Phys.org / Parental care can influence evolution, beetle experiments show
How has offspring dependence on parents evolved over the course of evolution? Researchers at the University of Bayreuth, in collaboration with Kyoto University, Japan, have investigated one possible mechanism by studying ...
Phys.org / Primed and ready to fight, a nematode pheromone arms plants to battle pathogens
When cold and flu season comes around, we take steps like getting our flu shots and taking immune supplements to strengthen our bodies' defenses against pathogens. Plants face pathogenic threats, too. Plant pathogens can ...
Phys.org / Oxygen collisions reveal how quark–gluon matter approaches equilibrium
High-energy nuclear collisions recreate extreme conditions similar to those in the early universe, producing quark–gluon plasma (QGP), a hot state of matter in which quarks and gluons are no longer confined inside protons ...
Phys.org / Boosting soybean protein: Zinc and sulfur essential in sustainable crop production
Soybean is a critical element of the global food supply: Between its use for animal feed and human consumption, it accounts for roughly two-thirds of plant-based protein meal output worldwide. Canada is a global leader in ...
Medical Xpress / New mRNA immunotherapy eliminates pancreatic tumors in mice
Inspired by the work of the RNA Therapeutics Institute at UMass Chan Medical School and the development of the COVID vaccine, Marcus Ruscetti, Ph.D., and Chaitanya Naimesh Parikh, Ph.D. '26, have developed an immunotherapy ...
Phys.org / Strategic irrigation stress can lift lucerne seed yield and returns
More water does not necessarily produce more alfalfa seed. A five-year trial near Keith, South Australia, found that strategically delaying irrigation until plants showed early signs of leaf drop generally increased seed ...
Phys.org / Why ancient grasslands, once plowed, don't grow back the same
When a 10,000-year-old prairie is plowed up to plant corn or a savanna is consumed by a strip mall, these once-grassy expanses, if left to regrow, can eventually look vaguely like they did before. But a growing body of research ...
Medical Xpress / Brain activity patterns may 'tag' experiences for later memory-making during sleep
The brain may "tag" experiences during learning to better consolidate memories of them during sleep, according to a study published Aug. 27 in the journal PLOS Biology by Dan Denis from the University of York, United Kingdom, ...
Phys.org / Volcanic eruptions and warming climate disrupt long-standing link between Indian and Pacific oceans
A new study that combines paleoclimate data and climate models suggests that large volcanic eruptions can disrupt the relationship between atmospheric circulation patterns over the tropical Indian and Pacific oceans. In addition, ...
Phys.org / Venus's mysterious clouds may hide an exceptionally strong light absorber
Venus appears pale yellow in visible light, but ultraviolet images reveal dramatic dark and bright patterns moving with the planet's upper sulfuric acid clouds. Scientists have known about these markings for roughly a century, ...
Phys.org / How AI‑powered policing is endangering the public's trust in police
Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, artificial intelligence (AI) has dominated the cultural landscape. Uptake across various sectors, including law enforcement, quickly followed, usually with minimal foresight and little ...
