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Phys.org / Jaw versatility enabled the ecological success of amniotes, paleontologists find

New research conducted by paleontologists from the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (MfN) and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin reveals a burst in jaw variety in the earliest amniotes—which includes the ancestors of all reptiles, ...

Dec 4, 2025 in Biology
Phys.org / Receptor with 'rubber band' paves way for new pain and cancer drugs

The human P2X4 receptor plays an important role in chronic pain, inflammation and some types of cancer. Researchers at the University of Bonn and the University Hospital Bonn (UKB) have now discovered a mechanism that can ...

Dec 4, 2025 in Biology
Phys.org / New molecular view of cholera 'tail' could inform better treatment

Cholera is a deadly bacterial disease that kills about 95,000 people every year. Vibrio cholerae bacteria infect cells in the small intestine, which the bacteria can do in part due to their flagella—powerful tail-like structures ...

Dec 4, 2025 in Biology
Medical Xpress / Protein unties tangled DNA linked to hotspots of cancer mutations

New research published in Nature Communications has linked a normal cellular process to an accumulation of DNA mutations in cancer and identified cancer-driving mutations in an underexplored part of the genome.

Dec 4, 2025 in Oncology & Cancer
Phys.org / Why the Amazon's ability to make its own rain matters more than ever

Dr. Magali Nehemy stood on the banks of the Tapajós River in the Amazon rainforest when the community's chief—a man in his seventies who had lived there his whole life—looked out over the bare shoreline and shook his ...

Dec 4, 2025 in Earth
Medical Xpress / KRAS-mutant cancers: Potential target could overcome treatment resistance

Researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center have identified a specific protein, RASH3D19, that is responsible for activation of RAS signaling pathways involved in aggressive tumor growth and resistance ...

Dec 4, 2025 in Oncology & Cancer
Medical Xpress / Backup DNA repair system could be cancer's weak spot

The DNA inside our cells is constantly being damaged, and one of the worst kinds of damage is a double-strand break—when both sides of the DNA helix are cut at once. Healthy cells can normally fix these breaks using highly ...

Dec 4, 2025 in Oncology & Cancer
Tech Xplore / What's the best way to expand the US electricity grid? Study illuminates choices about reliability, cost and emissions

Growing energy demand means the U.S. will almost certainly have to expand its electricity grid in coming years. What's the best way to do this? A new study by MIT researchers examines legislation introduced in Congress and ...

Dec 4, 2025 in Engineering
Phys.org / Seeing inside smart gels: Scientists capture dynamic behavior under stress

Advances in materials science have led to the development of "smart materials," whose properties do not remain static but change in response to external stimuli. One such material is poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), or PNIPAM, ...

Dec 4, 2025 in Chemistry
Phys.org / Common aldehydes transformed by light could accelerate drug discovery and material development

A new chemical method that could speed up the creation of medicines, materials and products people rely on every day has been developed by University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa Department of Chemistry researchers. The work, published ...

Dec 4, 2025 in Chemistry
Tech Xplore / Open-source framework enables addition of AI to software without prompt engineering

Developers can now integrate large language models directly into their existing software using a single line of code, with no manual prompt engineering required. The open-source framework, known as byLLM, automatically generates ...

Dec 3, 2025 in Software
Phys.org / C-Compass: AI-based software maps proteins and lipids within cells

A new tool developed by Helmholtz Munich and the German Center for Diabetes Research and the University of Bonn makes spatial proteomics and lipidomics easier to use—no coding required. C-COMPASS allows scientists to profile ...

Dec 4, 2025 in Biology